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                <text>Frederick's in Arcadia, CA (2011)</text>
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                <text>Lingerie wall below a sale sign at Arcadia location of Frederick's.</text>
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                <text>Photo from Yelp review</text>
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                <text>Yelp user: Mary B.</text>
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                <text>https://www.yelp.com/biz_photos/fredericks-of-hollywood-arcadia-2?select=1JedkBPm7NkptTQBmMn0Aw</text>
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                <text>January 9, 2011</text>
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                  <text>Bridal Veils in Film and Media</text>
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                  <text>Marissa Guijarro</text>
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                  <text>History&#13;
&#13;
Women had worn veils since ancient times as a symbol of high status. Bridal veils specifically protected the bride from evil spirits and were a symbol of innocence. However, Queen Victoria of England popularized wearing white wedding dresses and the bridal veil when she married Prince Albert in 1840. White was considered the color of wealth (not purity) because it was difficult to maintain white prior to modern bleaching techniques. However, Victoria chose white for her wedding day because it was an ideal color to display lace from England, and she wanted to promote the perception of innocence associated with the color. &#13;
&#13;
Textiles&#13;
&#13;
The exhibit includes photos of veils from the Victoria &amp; Albert Museum and other resources to show examples of lace, tulle, and embroidery techniques.&#13;
&#13;
Depiction in film, media, and fashion from approximately 1950s to the present&#13;
&#13;
Veils have been displayed in movies such as Father of the Bride, Funny Face, The Sound of Music, The Godfather, and other films.  Media images from royal weddings are also included here to display different types of veils, and the evolution of the veil over time and history in the 20th and 21st centuries. Many fashion shows end with the culminating procession of the model in the bridal gown and veil, which also sends a message to the consumer in terms of the theatrical quality and power of the veil. &#13;
&#13;
Summary&#13;
&#13;
The veil allows its wearer to create a dramatic moving image because of the diaphanous nature of the fabric, which provides motion in a way that the rest of the ensemble does not. The veil has morphed from a symbol of innocence and purity to an elevated accessory to convey qualities associated with being regal, confident, and unique.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>1953 – ANN LOWE, JACQUELINE KENNEDY’S WEDDING DRESS</text>
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                <text>Summer Lee</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://fashionhistory.fitnyc.edu/1953-lowe-kennedy-wedding-dress/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;https://fashionhistory.fitnyc.edu/1953-lowe-kennedy-wedding-dress/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Fashion Institute of Technology</text>
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                <text>July 13, 2020</text>
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                  <text>THE BEST LITTLE WAREHOUSE IN HOLLYWOOD... AND 49 OTHER STATES!</text>
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                  <text>This site studies the brick-and-mortar stores of the iconic lingerie retailer, Frederick's of Hollywood, from the 1947 establishment of the brand to the bankruptcy and closure of all Frederick's stores in the 2010s.&#13;
&#13;
The following questions guide my research: How does a piece of clothing (namely, lingerie) transform when it is placed on display in a storefront window, hung on a shop's rack, or tried on in a fitting room? What are the erotic qualities of retail consumption? For customers? For workers? How is gender constructed in a clothing store? And what changes when brick-and-mortar stores close?&#13;
&#13;
To find these answers, I look first to various television and internet news segments from the 1980s to 2010s, all of which aim to offer viewers at home a window into the experience of shopping at Frederick's. I view this media as a type of fashion film in its own right.&#13;
&#13;
Next, I share photos of Frederick's locations from across the US, before they closed. In these photos, you can see how mannequins were posed, how window displays were arranged, how lingerie was hung on walls and racks, and most of all, how customers viewed the Frederick's shopping experience from behind the lenses of their own phones or cameras.</text>
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                  <text>Nicolette Bull</text>
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                <text>Frederick’s at Irving Mall, Irving, TX (2013)</text>
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                <text>Framed promotional material and a wall display at the Irving Mall location of Frederick’s in Texas.</text>
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                <text>Photo from a Yelp review</text>
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                <text>Yelp user: Sarah P.</text>
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                <text>https://www.yelp.com/biz/fredericks-of-hollywood-irving</text>
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                <text>January 20, 2013</text>
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